I-Online Integrated Turbidity Analyzer yamanzi okuphuza

I-turbidity, isilinganiso sokuguqubala oketshezini, kuye kwaqashelwa njengenkomba elula neyisisekelo yekhwalithi yamanzi.Sekusetshenziselwe ukuqapha amanzi okuphuza, kuhlanganise nalawo akhiqizwa ukuhlunga amashumi eminyaka.Ukulinganisa i-turbidity kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-beam yokukhanya, enezici ezichaziwe, ukuze kunqunywe ubukhona be-semi-quantitative be-particle ekhona emanzini noma enye isampula yoketshezi.I-beam yokukhanya ibizwa ngokuthi i-beam light beam.Impahla ekhona emanzini ibangela ukuthi i-beam yokukhanya yesigameko ihlakazeke futhi lokhu kukhanya okuhlakazekile kutholwa futhi kulinganiswe ngokuhlobene nezinga lokulinganisa elilandelekayo.Uma liphezulu inani lezinhlayiya eziqukethwe kusampula, kukhulu ukuhlakazeka kwebhamu yokukhanya kwesigameko futhi kuyanda ukuqunjelwa okuwumphumela.

Noma iyiphi inhlayiya engaphakathi kwesampula edlula kumthombo wokukhanya wesigameko esichaziwe (ngokuvamile isibani se-incandescent, i-light emitting diode (i-LED) noma i-laser diode), ingaba negalelo ku-turbidity yonke kusampula.Umgomo wokuhlunga uwukuqeda izinhlayiya kunoma iyiphi isampula enikeziwe.Uma izinhlelo zokuhlunga zisebenza kahle futhi ziqashwe nge-turbidimeter, ukuguguleka kwamanzi angcolile kuzobonakala ngesilinganiso esiphansi nesizinzile.Amanye ama-turbidimeter awasebenzi kahle emanzini ahlanzeke kakhulu, lapho ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana kanye namazinga okubalwa kwezinhlayiyana ephansi kakhulu.Kulawo ma-turbidimeter antula ukuzwela kulawa mazinga aphansi, izinguquko ze-turbidity eziwumphumela wokwephulwa kwesihlungi zingaba zincane kangangokuthi zingakwazi ukuhlukaniswa nomsindo wesisekelo se-turbidity wethuluzi.

Lo msindo wesisekelo unemithombo eminingana efaka umsindo wensimbi ongokwemvelo (umsindo we-elekthronikhi), ukukhanya kwensimbi, isampuli yomsindo, nomsindo emthonjeni wokukhanya ngokwawo.Lezi ziphazamiso ziyengeza futhi ziba umthombo oyinhloko wezimpendulo ze-turbidity ezingamanga futhi zingaba nomthelela omubi emkhawulweni wokuthola ithuluzi.

Isihloko samazinga esilinganisweni se-turbidimetric senziwa yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengxenye yizinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zamazinga asetshenziswa ngokufanayo futhi amukelekayo ngezinjongo zokubika izinhlangano ezifana ne-USEPA kanye Nezindlela Ezijwayelekile, futhi ngokwengxenye namatemu noma incazelo esetshenziswa kuzo.KuHlelo Lwe-19 Lwezindlela Ezijwayelekile Zokuhlolwa Kwamanzi Namanzi Angcolile, kwacaciswa ekuchazeni izindinganiso eziyisisekelo ngokumelene nesibili.Izindlela Ezijwayelekile zichaza izinga eliyisisekelo njengalelo elilungiselelwa umsebenzisi ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ezilandelekayo, esebenzisa izindlela ezinembile nangaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezilawulwayo.Ebudaka, i-Formazin ukuphela kwezinga eliyisisekelo eliqashelwayo futhi wonke amanye amazinga alandelelwa emuva ku-Formazin.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-algorithms wezinsimbi kanye nokucaciswa kwama-turbidimeters kufanele kuklanywe ngaleli zinga eliyisisekelo.

Izindlela Ezijwayelekile manje zichaza izindinganiso zesibili njengalezo zindinganiso umkhiqizi (noma inhlangano ezimele yokuhlola) ewagunyazile ukunikeza imiphumela yokulinganisa insimbi okulingana (ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile) emiphumeleni etholwe lapho ithuluzi lilinganiswa ngamazinga e-Formazin alungiselelwe umsebenzisi (amazinga ayinhloko).Amazinga ahlukahlukene alungele ukulinganisa ayatholakala, okuhlanganisa ukumiswa kwesitoko sezentengiselwano se-4,000 NTU Formazin, ukumiswa kwe-Formazin okuzinzile (StablCal™ Stabilized Formazin Standards, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi Amazinga e-StablCal, i-StablCal Solutions, noma i-StablCal), kanye nokumiswa kwe-microspheres i-styrene divinylbenzene copolymer.