Izindaba - Iyini inzwa ye-conductivity emanzini?

I-Conductivity iyipharamitha yokuhlaziya esetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi, ukuqapha kwe-osmosis ehlehlayo, ukuqinisekiswa kwenqubo yokuhlanza, ukulawulwa kwenqubo yamakhemikhali, nokuphathwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini.

Inzwa ye-conductivity yezindawo ezinamanzi iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi esiklanyelwe ukukala ukuqhutshwa kwamanzi kagesi.

Eqinisweni, amanzi ahlanzekile abonisa ukuguquguquka kagesi okungafanelekile. I-conductivity kagesi yamanzi ngokuyinhloko incike ekugxilweni kwezinto ezi-ionized ezincibilikisiwe kuwo-okungukuthi, izinhlayiya ezikhokhisiwe ezifana nama-cations nama-anions. Lama-ion aqhamuka emithonjeni efana nosawoti ojwayelekile (isb., ama-ion sodium Na⁺ nama-ion e-chloride Cl⁻), amaminerali (isb., ama-ion e-calcium Ca²⁺ nama-ion magnesium Mg²⁺), ama-asidi, nezisekelo.

Ngokulinganisa ukuqhutshwa kukagesi, inzwa ihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa okungaqondile kwemingcele efana nengqikithi yezinto eziqinile ezincibilikisiwe (TDS), usawoti, noma izinga lokunukubezeka kwe-ionic emanzini. Amanani aphezulu e-conductivity abonisa ukuhlangana okukhulu kwama-ion ancibilikile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukunciphisa ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi.

Isimiso Sokusebenza

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokusebenza wenzwa yokuguquguquka usekelwe kuMthetho ka-Ohm.

Izingxenye ezibalulekile: Izinzwa ze-conductivity ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ukumiswa kwe-electrode emibili noma ezine-electrode.
1. Ukufakwa kwamandla kagesi: I-voltage eshintshanayo isetshenziswa kupheya eyodwa yama-electrode (ama-electrode okushayela).
2. Ukufuduka kwe-ion: Ngaphansi kwethonya lenkambu kagesi, ama-ion kusixazululo athuthela kuma-electrode aphikisanayo, akhiqize amandla kagesi.
3. Isilinganiso samanje: Umphumela wamanje ukalwa yisinzwa.
4. Ukubalwa kwe-Conductivity: Ngokusebenzisa i-voltage esetshenzisiwe eyaziwayo kanye ne-current elinganisiwe, uhlelo lunquma ukumelana kukagesi kwesampula. I-Conductivity ibe isuselwa ezicini zejometri zenzwa (indawo ye-electrode kanye nebanga eliphakathi kwe-electrode). Ubudlelwano obuyisisekelo buvezwa kanje:
I-Conductivity (G) = 1 / Ukumelana (R)

Ukuze unciphise ukungalungile kokulinganisa okubangelwa i-electrode polarization (ngenxa yokusabela kwe-electrochemical endaweni engaphezulu ye-electrode) kanye nemiphumela ye-capacitive, izinzwa zesimanje ze-conductivity zisebenzisa i-alternating current (AC) excitation.

Izinhlobo zezinzwa ze-Conductivity

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezinzwa ze-conductivity:
• Izinzwa ezimbili ze-electrode zifanele amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu kanye nezilinganiso ze-low-conductivity.
Izinzwa ezine-electrode zisetshenziswa kumabanga aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu futhi zinikeza ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe ekungcoleni uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo yama-electrode amabili.
• Izinzwa ze-conductivity (i-toroidal noma i-electrodeless) eziguquguqukayo zisetshenziselwa amazinga e-conductivity aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu kakhulu futhi abonisa ukumelana okuphakeme nokungcola ngenxa yesimiso sazo sokulinganisa sokungathinteki.

I-Shanghai Boqu Instrument Co., Ltd. izibophezele emkhakheni wokuqapha izinga lamanzi iminyaka engu-18, ikhiqiza izinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezisatshalaliswe emazweni angaphezu kwe-100 emhlabeni jikelele. Inkampani inikeza izinhlobo ezintathu ezilandelayo zezinzwa ze-conductivity:

I-DDG - 0.01 - / - 1.0/0.1
Isilinganiso se-conductivity ephansi kuzinzwa ezi-2-electrode
Izicelo ezijwayelekile: ukulungiswa kwamanzi, imithi (amanzi omjovo), ukudla nesiphuzo (ukulawulwa kwamanzi nokulungiselela), njll.

I-EC-A401
Isilinganiso esiphezulu se-conductivity kuzinzwa ze-4-electrode
Izicelo ezijwayelekile: Izinqubo ze-CIP/SIP, izinqubo zamakhemikhali, ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile, imboni yamaphepha (ukulawula ukupheka nokuhlanza), ukudla nesiphuzo (ukuqapha ukuhlukaniswa kwesigaba).

IEC-DNPA
Inzwa ye-electrode eguquguqukayo, imelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali okuqinile
Izicelo ezijwayelekile: Izinqubo zamakhemikhali, i-pulp nephepha, ukwenza ushukela, ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile.

Izinkambu Zokusebenza Ezibalulekile

Izinzwa ze-Conductivity ziphakathi kwamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqapheni ikhwalithi yamanzi, ezihlinzeka ngedatha ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi.

1. Ukuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi Nokuvikelwa Kwemvelo
- Ukuqapha imifula, amachibi, nezilwandle: Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi iyonke futhi kuhlonzwe ukungcoliswa kokuphuma kwendle noma ukungena kwamanzi olwandle.
- Ukulinganisa usawoti: Kubalulekile ocwaningweni lwe-oceanographic kanye nokuphathwa kwezilwane zasemanzini ukuze kugcinwe izimo ezifanele.

2. Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo Yezimboni
- Ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi acwenge kakhulu (isb., kuma-semiconductor kanye nezimboni zemithi): Ivumela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwezinqubo zokuhlanza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthobelana nezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi yamanzi.
- Amasistimu wamanzi okuphakelayo ngamabhoyili: Asiza ukulawula izinga lamanzi ukuze kuncishiswe ukukalwa nokugqwala, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kohlelo nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
- Amasistimu okujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa: Ivumela ukuqapha izilinganiso zokuhlushwa kwamanzi ukuze kulungiselelwe umthamo wamakhemikhali nokulawula ukuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile.

3. Amanzi Okuphuza Nokuhlanza Amanzi Angcolile
- Ilandelela ukuhluka kwekhwalithi yamanzi aluhlaza ukuze isekele ukuhlelwa kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
- Isiza ekulawuleni izinqubo zamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nokulawula nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza.

4. Ezolimo kanye Nezasemanzini
- Iqapha izinga lamanzi okunisela ukuze kwehliswe ingcuphe yokufakwa kukasawoti enhlabathini.
- Ilawula amazinga kasawoti ezinhlelweni ze-aquaculture ukuze kugcinwe indawo ekahle yezilwane zasemanzini.

5. Ucwaningo Lwesayensi Nezicelo Zaselabhorethri
- Isekela ukuhlaziya kokuhlolwa emikhakheni efana nekhemistri, ibhayoloji, nesayensi yezemvelo ngokusebenzisa izilinganiso zokuziphatha ezinembile.

Bhala umyalezo wakho lapha futhi usithumelele wona

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-29-2025