Wonke amanzi okuphuza azokwelashwa emanzi emthonjeni, okuvame ukuba yichibi lamanzi acwebile, umfula, umthombo wamanzi, noma kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokusakaza nokuhamba kwamanzi kungaba sengozini yokungcola ngengozi noma ngenhloso noma ngezikhathi ezithile. Ikhwalithi yamanzi yomthombo wokuqapha bese ikuvumela ukuthi ulindele izinguquko kwinqubo yokwelashwa.
Isinyathelo sokuqala: Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwamanzi emthonjeni, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlanganisa nokufakelwa, izinhlayiya zizohlanganiswa namakhemikhali ukwakha izinhlayiya ezinkulu, khona-ke izinhlayiya ezinkulu zizocwila ezansi.
Isinyathelo sesibili ukugcwala, ngemuva kokudinwa ngokuphathwa kwangaphambili, amanzi acwebile azodlula ezihlungi, imvamisa, isihlungi sakhiwa ngesihlabathi, amatshe amatshe, kanye namalahle) nosayizi we-pore. Ukuvikela izihlungi, kudingeka sibheke ukuguquguquka, okusamiswe okuqinile, i-alkalinity namanye amapharamitha wekhwalithi yamanzi.
Isinyathelo sesithathu inqubo yokubulala amagciwane. Lesi sinyathelo sibaluleke kakhulu, ngemuva kokuhlungwa kwamanzi, kufanele singeze amagciwane emanzini ahlungiwe, njenge-chlorine, i-chloramine, uku-oda ukubulala ama-parasites, amagciwane, ukugxilisa amanzi kuphephile lapho kuphephile ekhaya.
Isinyathelo sesine siyasatshalaliswa, kufanele silinganise i-PH, ukuguquguquka, ubulukhuni, i-chlorine eyinsalela, i-Tds), khona-ke singazazi izingozi ezingaba khona noma ukusongela kubungozi bomphakathi ngesikhathi. Inani le-chlorine eliyinsalela kufanele libe ngaphezulu kwe-0.3mg / l uma liphelelwa ngaphandle kusuka ekuphuzeni isitshalo samanzi, nangaphezulu kwe-0.05mg / l ekugcineni kwenethiwekhi yepayipi. I-turbidity kumele ibe ngu-1ndu, i-PH VAUR iphakathi kuka-6.5 ~ 8,5, ipayipi lizobe lilimele uma inani le-PH lincane kakhulu uma i-pH ingama-8.5ph.
Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, umsebenzi wokuqapha kwekhwalithi yamanzi ikakhulukazi ekwamukela ukuhlolwa okunezincwadi emazweni amaningi, okuthe xaxa, ukuqhubeka kwephutha lomuntu njll. Iphinde inikeze imininingwane ngokushesha futhi ilungise abenzi bezinqumo ngokususelwa kuguquko lwekhwalithi yamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngaleyo ndlela enikeza abantu ngekhwalithi yamanzi enempilo nephephile.
