Ngokohlelo lwango-2018 lwe-Shanghai Municipal Local Standard for Integrated Wastewater Discharge (DB31/199-2018), indawo yokukhipha amanzi angcolile yesikhungo sokuphehla ugesi esisetshenziswa yi-Baosteel Co., Ltd. itholakala endaweni yamanzi ebucayi. Ngenxa yalokho, umkhawulo wokukhipha i-ammonia nitrogen wehlisiwe usuka ku-10 mg/L wafinyelela ku-1.5 mg/L, futhi umkhawulo wokukhipha izinto eziphilayo wehlisiwe usuka ku-100 mg/L waya ku-50 mg/L.

Endaweni yedamu lengozi: Kunamachibi amanzi ezingozi ezimbili kule ndawo. Izinhlelo ezintsha zokuqapha ezizenzakalelayo ku-inthanethi ze-ammonia nitrogen zifakiwe ukuze kunikwe amandla ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwamazinga e-ammonia nitrogen emachibini amanzi ezingozi. Ukwengeza, kufakwe iphampu entsha ye-sodium hypochlorite dosing, exhunywe kumathangi akhona e-sodium hypochlorite okugcina futhi ahlanganiswe nohlelo lokuqapha i-ammonia nitrogen. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunika amandla ukulawulwa komthamo okuzenzakalelayo nokunemba kwawo womabili amachibi amanzi engozi.

Ohlelweni lokuhlanza amanzi eSigabeni I sesiteshi sokuhlanza amanzi ngamakhemikhali: Amasistimu okuqapha okuzenzakalelayo e-ammonia nitrogen afakwe ku-inthanethi ethangini lokucacisa, ithangi lamanzi angcolile le-B1, ithangi lamanzi angcolile le-B3, ithangi lamanzi angcolile le-B4, kanye nethangi le-B5. Lezi zinhlelo zokuqapha zixhunywe nephampu yedosi ye-sodium hypochlorite ukuze unike amandla ukulawulwa kokudosa okuzenzakalelayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokwelashwa kokukhipha amanzi.

Izisetshenziswa ezisetshenzisiwe:

I-NHNG-3010 Online Automatic Ammonia Nitrogen Monitor

I-YCL-3100 Intelligent Pretreatment system yamasampula ekhwalithi yamanzi

Ukuze ihambisane nezindinganiso ezibuyekeziwe zokukhipha ugesi, imboni yokuphehla ugesi ye-Baosteel Co., Ltd. ifake ukukhishwa kwe-ammonia nitrogen nezinto zokuhlanza ngaphambili endaweni yokukhipha amanzi angcolile. Uhlelo olukhona lokuhlanza amanzi angcolile seluthuthukisiwe futhi lwalungiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kokubili i-ammonia nitrogen ne-organic matter kuphathwa ngendlela efanele ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezintsha zokukhishwa. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuqinisekisa ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile okufika ngesikhathi nangempumelelo futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bendawo ezungezile obuhambisana nokuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile ngokweqile.

Kungani kudingekile ukuqapha amazinga e-ammonia nitrogen ezindaweni zokudonsa amanzi ezigayweni zensimbi?

Ukulinganisa i-ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) ekuphumeni kwesigayo sensimbi kubalulekile kukho kokubili ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuhambisana nemithethonqubo, njengoba izinqubo zokukhiqiza insimbi ngokwemvelo zikhiqiza amanzi angcolile aqukethe i-ammonia abeka izingozi ezinkulu uma echithwa ngokungafanele.

Okokuqala, i-ammonia nitrogen iyingozi kakhulu ezintweni eziphila emanzini. Ngisho nasezindaweni eziphansi, kungalimaza amathambo ezinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zasemanzini, kuphazamise ukusebenza kwazo kwe-metabolic, futhi kuholele ekufeni kwabantu abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ammonia eningi emanzini ibangela i-eutrophication—inqubo lapho i-ammonia iguqulwa ibe ama-nitrate ngamabhaktheriya, okubhebhezela ukwanda kolwelwe. Lokhu kuqhakaza kwe-algal kuqeda umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini, kudala "izindawo ezifile" lapho izinto eziningi eziphila emanzini zingakwazi ukuphila, ngokucindezela kakhulu imvelo yasemanzini.

Okwesibili, izigayo zensimbi ziboshelwe ngokusemthethweni ngamazinga emvelo kazwelonke nawendawo (isb, i-China's Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard, i-EU's Industrial Emissions Directive). Lawa mazinga abeka imikhawulo eqinile ekugxilweni kwe-ammonia nitrogen emanzini angcolile alahliwe. Ukuqapha okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukuthi izigayo ziyahlangabezana nale mikhawulo, zigwema izinhlawulo, ukumiswa kokusebenza, noma izikweletu ezingokomthetho ezibangelwa ukungathobeli.

Ukwengeza, izilinganiso ze-ammonia nitrogen zisebenza njengenkomba eyinhloko yokusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile yesigayo. Uma amazinga e-ammonia edlula izinga, ikhombisa izinkinga ezingaba khona enqubweni yokwelapha (isb., ukungasebenzi kahle kwamayunithi okwelapha ebhayoloji), okuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bakhombe futhi balungise izinkinga ngokushesha—ukuvimbela amanzi angcolile angahlanzwanga noma angaphathwa kabi ukuthi angene endaweni ezungezile.

Kafushane, ukuqapha i-ammonia nitrogen ekuphumeni kwesigayo sensimbi kuwumkhuba obalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kwemvelo, ukuthobela izidingo zomthetho, nokugcina ukwethembeka kwezinqubo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.